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If your computer has gotten a virus or malware infection, there are some telltale signs, including:. Malware can slow down your computer, and an unusually slow computer may be a symptom that it is infected. Early viruses like Elk Cloner were mostly designed as pranks. Their creators were in it for notoriety and bragging rights.
However, by the early s, adolescent mischief had evolved into harmful intent. PC users experienced an onslaught of viruses designed to destroy data, slow down system resources, and log keystrokes also known as a keylogger. The need for countermeasures led to the development of the first antivirus software programs. Early online antiviruses were exclusively reactive.
They could only detect infections after they took place. Moreover, the first antivirus programs identified viruses by the relatively primitive technique of looking for their signature characteristics.
However, if the attacker changed the file name, the computer antivirus might not be as effective. While early antivirus software could also recognize specific digital fingerprints or patterns, such as code sequences in network traffic or known harmful instruction sequences, they were always playing catch up. Early antiviruses using signature-based strategies could easily detect known viruses, but they were unable to detect new attacks.
Instead, a new virus had to be isolated and analyzed to determine its signature, and subsequently added to the list of known viruses. Those using antiviruses online had to regularly download an ever-growing database file consisting of hundreds of thousands of signatures. Even so, new viruses that got out ahead of database updates left a significant percentage of devices unprotected. The result was a constant race to keep up with the evolving landscape of threats as new viruses were created and released into the wild.
PC viruses today are more of a legacy threat than an ongoing risk to computer users. They've been around for decades and have not substantially changed. So, if computer viruses aren't really a thing anymore, why do people still call their threat protection software an antivirus program, and why do you need an antivirus for computers in the first place?
It boils down to entrenched name recognition. Viruses made sensational headlines in the 90s, and security companies began using antivirus as shorthand for cyberthreats in general. Thus, the term antivirus was born. Decades later, many security firms still use this term for marketing their products. It's become a vicious cycle. Consumers assume viruses are synonymous with cyberthreats, so companies call their cybersecurity products antivirus software, which leads consumers to think viruses are still the problem.
But here's the thing. While virus and antivirus are not exactly anachronisms, modern cyberthreats are often much worse than their viral predecessors. They hide deeper in our computer systems and are more adept at evading detection. The quaint viruses of yesterday have given rise to an entire rogue's gallery of advanced threats like spyware, rootkits, Trojans, exploits, and ransomware, to name a few.
As these new attack categories emerged and evolved beyond early viruses, companies making antivirus for computers continued their mission against these new threats. However, these companies were unsure of how to categorize themselves. Should they continue to market their products as antivirus software at the risk of sounding reductive? Should they use another "anti-threat" term for marketing themselves like "anti-spyware," for example? Or was it better to take an all-inclusive approach and combine everything in a single product line that addressed all threats?
The answers to these questions depend on the company. At Malwarebytes, cybersecurity is our highest-level catchall category. It makes sense to combine our anti-threat effort into a single term that covers more than just viruses.
Viruses are just one kind of malware. There are other forms of malware that are more common these days. Here are just a few:. Adware is unwanted software designed to throw advertisements up on your screen, often within a web browser, but sometimes within mobile apps as well. Typically, adware disguises itself as legitimate or piggybacks on another program to trick you into installing it on your PC, tablet, or mobile device.
Spyware is malware that secretly observes the computer user's activities, including browsing activity, downloads, payment information, and login credentials, and then reports this information to the software's author. Spyware isn't just for cybercriminals.
Legitimate companies sometimes use spyware to track employees. A keylogger , spyware's less sophisticated cousin, is malware that records all the user's keystrokes on the keyboard.
This malware typically stores the gathered information and sends it to the attacker seeking sensitive information like usernames, passwords, or credit card details. A computer virus is malware that attaches to another program and, when triggered, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and infecting them with its own bits of code.
Worms are a type of malware similar to viruses in that they spread, but they don't require user interaction to be triggered. A Trojan , or Trojan Horse, is more of a delivery method for infections than an infection. The Trojan presents itself as something useful to trick users into opening it. Trojan attacks can carry just about any form of malware, including viruses, spyware, and ransomware. Famously, the Emotet banking Trojan started as an information stealer, targeting banks and large corporations.
Later, Emotet operated purely as an infection vector for other forms of malware, usually ransomware. Ransomware has been called the cybercriminal's weapon of choice, because it demands a profitable quick payment in hard-to-trace cryptocurrency.
A rootkit is malware that provides the attacker with administrator privileges on the infected system and actively hides from the normal computer user. Rootkits also hide from other software on the system—even from the operating system itself. Malicious cryptomining , also sometimes called drive-by mining or cryptojacking , is an increasingly prevalent form of malware or browser-based attack that is delivered through multiple attack methods, including malspam, drive-by downloads, and rogue apps and extensions.
So instead of letting you cash in on your computer's horsepower, the cryptominers send the collected coins into their own account—not yours. So, essentially, a malicious cryptominer is stealing your device's resources to make money. Exploits are a type of threat that takes advantage of bugs and vulnerabilities in a system in order to allow the exploit's creator to deliver malware. One of the most common exploits is the SQL injection. Malvertising is an attack that uses malicious ads on mostly legitimate websites to deliver malware.
You needn't even click on the ad to be affected—the accompanying malware can install itself simply by loading and viewing the page in your browser. All you have to do is visit a good site on the wrong day.
Spoofing occurs when a threat pretends to be something it's not in order to deceive victims to take some sort of action like opening an infected email attachment or entering their username and password on a malicious site spoofed or faked to look like a legitimate site.
Phishing is a type of attack aimed at getting your login credentials, credit card numbers, and any other information the attackers find valuable. The official Malwarebytes logo The official Malwarebytes logo in a blue font. Online Privacy. Business Business Solutions. Get Started Find the right solution for your business See business pricing Don't know where to start? Help me choose a product See what Malwarebytes can do for you Get a free trial Our team is ready to help. Partners Explore Partnerships.
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Trusted by customers worldwide. Mac computers. Android devices. How to remove a virus on your computer. Step 1 — Install a virus scanner. Step 2 — Review threats After the online virus scan, Malwarebytes reports on any threats that were found and asks if you want to remove them. Step 2 — Review threats.
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